What term describes the ability to exchange electronic health information across organizations using nationally recognized interoperability standards?

• A. Data encryption
• B. Interoperability
• C. Data governance
• D. Data replication

Answer: (B)

Interoperability is the ability to exchange electronic health information across organizations using nationally recognized interoperability standards. It means that different health IT systems can not only send data to each other but also interpret and use that data meaningfully. This relies on two layers: technical standards that specify how data is formatted and transmitted (such as HL7 and FHIR for messages, DICOM for imaging) and semantic standards that ensure the terms and codes have the same meaning across systems (like SNOMED CT, LOINC, and ICD-10). When these standards are in place, information can flow between providers, pharmacies, labs, and other partners in a way that supports accurate understanding and continuity of care. Data encryption protects information during transfer, but it does not address whether systems can exchange and interpret data. Data governance covers policies and stewardship, and data replication is about creating copies of data—neither captures the cross-organizational exchange powered by standardized interoperability.